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🔹 Basic Properties
Symbol: Zn
Atomic number: 30
Atomic weight: 65.38
Melting point: 419.5 °C (787.1 °F)
Boiling point: 907 °C (1665 °F)
Density: 7.13 g/cm³
Crystal structure: Hexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Color: Bluish-silver, shiny when freshly cut
🔹 Sources & Production
Zinc is mainly obtained from minerals such as sphalerite (zinc sulfide). It’s produced by:
1. Roasting zinc sulfide ores to zinc oxide (ZnO).
2. Reducing ZnO with carbon or by electrolysis to get pure metallic zinc.
🔹 Uses of Pure Zinc
Galvanization: Coating steel/iron to prevent rust.
Alloys: Forms brass (with copper), and other alloys for die-casting.
Batteries: Used in zinc-carbon and zinc-air batteries.
Die casting & metal parts: Due to its low melting point.
Nutritional supplements: Essential for immune function and enzyme activity.
🔹 Chemical Behavior
Reacts slowly with acids, producing hydrogen gas:
Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂↑
🔹 Purity Grades
Commercial zinc purity levels:
99.9% (High-purity zinc)
99.99% (Special high grade, SHG zinc) — often used in electronics or research.
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